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Prevention and Management of Breeding Calf Disease in Winter and Spring
Release time:
2019-04-15
As an important meat or milk reserve resource, calves occupy a very important position in animal husbandry. Therefore, we must do a good job in disease prevention of calves, especially in winter and spring, which is a time period when diseases occur frequently. Prevention work should be done well. In this paper, several management points to prevent the occurrence of calf diseases in winter and spring were analyzed, which laid a good foundation for the prevention of animal husbandry diseases. After long-term practice, the analysis of the death of calves in large-scale cattle farms found that the main causes of this phenomenon were diarrhea and pneumonia. As a high incidence in calves, calf diarrhea not only spread speed, fast onset cycle is short, and time
As an important meat or milk reserve resource, calves occupy a very important position in animal husbandry. Therefore, we must do a good job in disease prevention of calves, especially in winter and spring, which is a time period when diseases occur frequently. Prevention work should be done well. In this paper, several management points to prevent the occurrence of calf diseases in winter and spring were analyzed, which laid a good foundation for the prevention of animal husbandry diseases.
After long-term practice, the analysis of the death of calves in large-scale cattle farms found that the main causes of this phenomenon were diarrhea and pneumonia. As a high incidence of disease in calves, calf diarrhea not only spread speed, fast onset cycle is short, and the time is relatively concentrated, it is important in winter and spring. It is thought that the mortality rate is high. Once diarrhea occurs, if no timely treatment measures are taken, the calf will die of dehydration within ten hours. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job in the prevention of calves.
1. to build a good environment for the growth of calves
First of all, in the north, because Emperor Wen is relatively low in winter and spring, and the climate is cold and dry, keeping the calf in an environment with a relatively suitable temperature and humidity can make the calf happy and full of spirit, which is conducive to growth. The temperature of the calf's delivery room should be controlled17About degrees, humidity in70%Left and right, and keep it dry. This needs to strengthen the management of heating personnel, improve their alertness, and avoid the occurrence of calf disease caused by the large temperature difference between day and night. At the same time, in the daily management, we should also pay attention to the entry of foreign personnel to prevent these foreign personnel from bringing different germs into the growth environment of calves.
The second is to strengthen the management of calves in bed. In the choice of materials, the best wooden or hard plastic products for the calf bed. Especially for newborn calves to focus on care, in1Calves of the month age need to set up a small bed for separate captivity, the size of the small bed is long.1m, wide0.8 m, high0.3 mAt the same time, we should also pay attention to the isolation between their individuals to prevent the occurrence of mutual licking. If there is a lack of bed rest due to limited conditions, you can make a hanging board bed out of a wooden board, or use the hay left over from cows to eat in summer to pave the way for calves to develop on it. These hay, including wheat straw, straw, etc., are designed to avoid direct contact with the ground calves, thereby affecting their healthy growth.
Finally, we must do a good job of killing flies. Because the vitality of flies is extremely tenacious, whether in pens or in milk buckets used daily, it is possible to produce fly larvae, and the larvae are less5It will grow into flies in an hour. Flies will not only spread diseases and affect the rest of calves, but also cause diarrhea in calves that accidentally eat eggs or flies. Therefore, fly control work in management should be started from the source and eliminated as soon as possible.
2. adopt scientific feeding methods
The first thing to focus on is cow nutrition. It is necessary to do a good job in the nutrition deployment of cows within two months after pregnancy to ensure that postpartum calves can have a strong physique. At the same time, we should also do a good job in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies such as acetoacetic acid and propionic acid in cows, so as to prevent these substances from being transmitted to calves through milk, thus causingcalf diarrhea. To do these tasks well, it is necessary to disconnect this vertical transmission path and scientifically configure the cow's feed, and at the same time feed different materials at different times.
The second is to do a good job in the supply of colostrum and regular milk. For newborn calves, colostrum must be fed at a frequency of approximately6Once every hour, the amount is each time2 kg, sustained5Day. At the same time, it should also be noted that in the delivery room, colostrum must be squeezed and fed, and mother and child must be breast-fed, because only in this way can other cow diseases be prevented from sneaking into fragile and born calves, and calf diarrhea caused by calf indigestion due to low colostrum temperature. At the birth of a calf5Days later, it will be transferred to the calf room to start feeding normal milk, milk temperature control36～38C.
Finally, do a good job of grass, supplement work. After the calf is in bed, it can be added.20%The high-protein starter guides its feeding, to the first28After days, high-quality alfalfa needs to be added to the feed3months later will20%High protein reduced18%. If the daily intake of calves during the period can reach1.5 kgWhen weaning can be done. The bed of the calf should be based on the principle of "first strong and then weak, first big and then small", according to the physique of the calf and the number of beds in the cattle farm.
3. do a good job in staff feeding management
The managers of the cattle farm must work with the employees to form a dedicated and pragmatic style, and take a high sense of responsibility as the guarantee to do a good job in breeding. At the same time, it is also necessary to have an incentive mechanism for employees in the cattle farm at night to ensure their enthusiasm for work. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of all aspects of feeding, especially in the key link of supplying the milk temperature of calves. Among them, it is necessary to use a thermometer to measure the milk temperature, rather than simply feel it by hand. If the temperature resistance is not enough, it is necessary to preheat it with water, and then measure it with a thermometer until it meets the standard. If this link is not done well, it will have an irreversible impact on the calf because of a small detail.
For bedridden calves, the pots used must be strictly distinguished, one for feeding and one for feeding. Usually it is to get out of bed after the full moon, and then divide the calf into circles according to the age of the calf and the strength of the system until it is bred into a group. For individual good individuals, special breeding and careful cultivation should be carried out to ensure their normal growth and development. The management of milk tools mainly includes the cleaning of milk pots and feeding pots. The main steps are to wash with warm water first, then wash it again with acid, and finally rinse it with clean water, so as to ensure that the dirt in the pot and basin can be completely removed and avoid the spread of germs.
All in all,Calfdisease prevention has a very important impact on the healthy growth of calves. Therefore, in the daily work, we should do a good job in the management of calf cultivation, so as to reduce the possibility of calf diseases and make them spend winter and spring in a healthy and warm environment, so as to grow steadily.
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