With the rapid growth of China's economy and the continuous improvement of comprehensive national strength, China's economic and trade exchanges with the international“big factory”Into the world“Big Market”After the European Union decided to abolish the quota system for milk production in March last year, China signed free trade agreements with Australia and New Zealand. Four years later, milk powder and milk exported to China will be subject to zero tariff. At present, China's dairy industry and dairy farming industry are suffering heavy losses, In the future, both will face unprecedented pressure and challenges, especially in China's dairy farming industry, the current development situation is that the number of dairy cows and the yield per unit area of dairy cows are growing slowly, while the cost of raising dairy cows is constantly increasing, the consumption of milk is stagnant, and the profit space of dairy farmers is constantly compressed. eventually lead to some dairy farmers with poor anti-risk ability to withdraw from the industry because of losses.

How can we make our Chinese dairy farmers gain a firm foothold in the world dairy farming industry and keep pace with the times??I personally think that should be established“High efficiency, high quality and high yield”The key point is to continuously improve the yield of dairy cows, improve the quality of milk and reduce the cost of farming. Below I combined with the actual situation of the work, in order to improve the production of dairy cows for the purpose of, talk about in the process of dairy farming management is easy to be ignored in several aspects;

1.Effect of somatic cells on milk yield in pasture

In my practical work, I have learned that most ranchers in this area lack understanding of the harm of somatic cells, and even some ranchers do not know what somatic cells are. Somatic cells are actually the general term for white blood cells and shedding epithelial cells in milk. When the mammary gland is damaged, under the action of the body's immune system, it will release a large number of white blood cells into the mammary gland. In addition, the damage will cause some mammary epithelial cells to fall off, and the shedding mammary epithelial cells are gradually replaced by connective tissue. The epithelial cells with milk production function are reduced, and the milk production function of cows is greatly affected, which eventually leads to the decline of pasture milk production. According to the relevant experimental data, it is proved that the number of somatic cells is in.20million/ml based on each increase10million/ml, milk production will decrease2.5%.

2.Effect of milking machine and its accessories on milk production

When the vacuum degree of the milking machine is too low, it will cause the milk in the cow's udder to be unclean. When the milk in the cow's udder is too much, it will make the cow's milk incomplete, damage the structure and function of the cow's udder, and lead to the occurrence of mastitis in the cow. Milking machine vacuum pressure is too high can easily make nipple skin and muscle tissue damage, too long will lead to nipple eversion, resulting in mastitis and“blind nipple”, thus affecting pasture milk production.

In my actual work in the dairy farm, I found that most ranchers are not attentive to the operation of the milking machine, especially the regular replacement of the milk lining of the milking machine. I think that the milk lining can be used as long as it is not broken. This idea is completely wrong. In the process of milking cows, the milk lining and breast are“Intimacy”The milk lining is a rubber product, which will age after long-term use, and many gaps will be formed on the surface. Some gaps cannot be observed by naked eyes, but it is real. There are a large number of bacteria and microorganisms in the gaps. When the disinfection is not complete during milking, mastitis is easily caused. If the control is not strict, it will cause cross infection of the entire herd and cause huge economic losses to the pasture.

3.Effect of Comfort on Milk Yield in Pasture

A good pasture environment can improve the comfort of cows, and the size of the comfort of the herd can result in a difference of tons of average milk production for the whole herd between two herds with similar genetic and dietary levels. As we all know, cows like cold and afraid of heat, especially hate high-temperature and high-humidity mud. Cattle live in this environment is extremely uncomfortable. Therefore, the ventilation and cooling of the cowshed should be increased in summer in the pasture. At the same time, attention should be paid to the drainage and softness of the cowbed. Sand is the best bedding material for the cowbed. The cowbed should be kept clean and dry on weekdays, so as to ensure that the cows have sufficient lying rest time. It is necessary to know that every cow should at least ensure every day.13hours of rest time, too much exercise will increase the energy consumption of cows, thus affecting the milk production in the pasture. According to statistics, when every reduction in cows1Hours of rest will cause1.6The loss of kilos of milk.

4.Effects of sun exposure and exercise on milk yield in pasture

In my work, I found that some ranchers have misunderstandings about the movement of dairy cows. They think that the herd should be tied to feed, the movement of dairy cows should be restricted, and the nutrition of dairy cows is basically used to produce milk, so as to reduce the loss of energy. This idea is incorrect. In good weather, let the cattle move freely every day2About an hour, it can strengthen the exchange of blood oxygen in dairy cows, speed up the metabolism of dairy cows, help dairy cows digest and absorb, further improve the physical quality of the herd, and thus improve the milk production in the pasture. It should also be mentioned here that proper exercise also plays a very positive role in the elimination of postpartum afterbirth of dairy cows. Sun exposure can also promote higher milk production in cows, when cows insist on having15About an hour of sunlight can be improved.10%Milk production, summer to avoid strong sunlight, so as not to cause cattle sunstroke and heat stroke.

5.Effect of Reproduction on Milk Yield in Pasture

Our ranch after practice summed up a proverb called:“Grab milk and match first”It means that cows can only produce milk after calving. If the pasture breeding work is not good, then its milk production will not be so high. When cows recover well after childbirth, they should be breeding as soon as possible, usually after childbirth.40～60At present, the most widely used is the simultaneous estrus technique. We should try our best to control the calving interval365days, which is the pasture's best breeding indicator. At the same time, the pregnancy of cattle should be confirmed as soon as possible after mating. Our pasture currently uses portable animals.BSuper meter, this technology can be used after the cow is matched.33The pregnancy is confirmed in about days, and most pasture mating technicians have to be matched after60It can only be confirmed by rectal examination in about days, and one birth can be advanced.20In the next few days, a cow will produce more milk in its lifetime.100Days, how much a pasture's yield can be increased is very considerable. Timely rematch or treatment of unpregnant cows can greatly shorten the empty pregnancy time of cows, extend the effective utilization time of the entire herd, and allow each cow to produce more milk for the pasture in its lifetime.

6.Effect of Roughage on Milk Yield in Pasture

In my work in the pasture, I found that most ranchers pay special attention to the concentrate of dairy cows. They think that the concentrate plays a leading role in the milk production of dairy cows, thus ignoring the feeding of roughage, especially the feeding of high-quality forage. This idea is very unscientific. Li Shengli, a professor at China Agricultural University, said that the feeding of high-quality roughage can ensure the health of the rumen of dairy cows.pHValue not less5.8, and can provide nutrients for cow growth, production, etc., to maintain the amount of dry matter consumed by cows to achieve an ideal state, such as a yield9Tons of cows that it eats all year round7.4tons of dry matter, of which55%It comes from high-quality roughage. If you feed high-fiber content, poor-quality roughage or too much concentrate, it will limit the feed intake of dairy cows, resulting in too thin dairy cows, a decline in reproduction rate, and severe rumen acidosis. Lead to an increase in the incidence of cattle, resulting in premature elimination of dairy cows, shortening the effective milk production time of dairy cows. It is also important to pay special attention to the fact that it will directly affect the arrival of the peak milk production and the duration of the peak milk production.1kg of milk production, the whole milk production period will increase200kilos of milk.

7.Other effects on pasture milk production

Dairy farming is a fine job. Any failure to do so can reduce the milk production of the pasture to a certain extent and cause your economic losses. Therefore, we should always maintain a sense of responsibility and enterprising spirit in our work. For example, we should pay attention to the health care of cow breasts and massage the breasts for cows frequently.;Special attention to the various stresses of cattle in winter and summer;Brush the cattle frequently;Feeding adequate warm water and high-quality care to "Yuezi cattle";Do not intimidate or treat the cows roughly when driving the herd. Attention to these details will make the life of the cows more comfortable, thereby prolonging the life of the cows, increasing the effective use of the cows, further increasing the yield of the cows, and winning for the dairy farmers Greater benefits.

Rocky Lick BrickIs the original imported products. Lodge licking brick production process has reached the international leading level. has been sold in the world50Multiple countries.

Phosphorus-rich Lodge Lick Brick also known“Progestational Rocky", is specially designed and produced for breeding livestock, especially in the high-yield period of dairy cows, phosphorus, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, cobalt, iodine, manganese, selenium, sodium and other mineral trace elements interact with each other, which plays a very important role in improving the health index, reproduction rate and milk yield of dairy cows, and will affect the final profit and return.

Phosphorus-rich Rocky Lick BrickSignificant efficacy:

1: Solve the problem of maternal reproduction (for example, long interbirth time, repeated mating infertility, frequent abortion)

2: extend the peak period of lactation; improve milk production.

3: Extend the life of the female animal; (one annual output8,000liters of cows lost in their milk production60 kg of minerals)

4: Improve the comprehensive health index of dairy cows and reduce the incidence of dairy cows (e. g. mastitis, hoof disease).

5: Cow pica disappears (gnawing wood,Licking hair,Licking urine,gnawing plastic), with smooth fur.

6: to promote food digestion, improve feed utilization, saving concentrate.

The correct way to use phosphorus rich lodge:

1, cattle lick licking brick time can not be less8Hours.

2The position of the licking brick should not be raised, and the best position is from the ground.20---30Cm; best placed in a special lick brick box.

3Livestock should lick the bricks as much as possible. Every5An adult cow licks at least one brick;

4,Lick brickThe surface must be kept clean and the average3Cleaning and licking bricks once a day; (Reason: Each cow has a different taste. There is a cow's taste on the licking brick and another cow will not lick it)

5The licking brick must be placed in a clean water source and where livestock often gather. The cleanliness of the water source is also very important. In summer, the water source should be replaced every day and every three days in winter.

6Do not add salt or sodium chloride additives to the flock in any way during the use of Lodge Lick Brick. Excessive salt intake can easily cause damage to animal viscera.