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Qingfeng, Shandong | Four Causes of Cattle Pica
Release time:
2021-05-14
Nutritional factors In general, nutritional factors are considered to be the main cause of pica. Mineral deficiency sodium, cobalt, copper, phosphorus, iron, manganese, sulfur, iodine, zinc and magnesium and other mineral elements, especially the deficiency of sodium salt, cause hyponatremia, often cause cattle pica, usually at this time cattle like to lick alkaline substances. The lack of sodium in cattle may be due to insufficient sodium in the feed, or it may be due to too much potassium in the feed. To discharge excess potassium, the body must increase the discharge of sodium at the same time, resulting in increased loss of sodium and no timely supplement, which leads to sodium deficiency. The test results show that when the content of cobalt in the soil is less than 2.0 mg/kg, pica will occur in the area. When the copper content in hay is less than 5.0 mg/kg (the normal content is 6.0-12.0 mg/kg), the cattle with single forage will have pica fed with acid feed for a long time, which will cause excessive consumption of alkali in the body, causing imbalance of calcium and phosphorus ratio and causing pica. Zinc deficiency in cattle can also cause pica, which may be related to abnormal taste. Vitamin deficiency VA, VD3, VE, VB2, VB3 and VB12 and other deficiencies, so that the body of cattle and metabolism is closely related to the lack of enzymes and coenzymes, leading to metabolic disorders in the body and the occurrence of pica. Protein and Amino Acid Deficiency Sometimes pica in cattle may be related to a deficiency of sulfur-containing amino acids.
CowPicaIt is a common disease caused by environmental, nutritional, endocrine, psychological and genetic factors. It is a complex syndrome of multiple diseases characterized by licking and biting foreign bodies that are usually considered to have no nutritional value and should not be eaten. It mostly occurs in winter and early spring, when the forage grass is green and yellow. It is generally believed that pica is caused by metabolic dysfunction, abnormal taste and improper feeding and management, but in a broad sense, there are many causes of pica. Prevention and treatment should also be based on specific causes, take practical and appropriate measures.
The clinical manifestations of bovine pica generally begin with indigestion, followed by abnormal taste and metaphoric symptoms. Suffering cattle lick, bite, swallow feces contaminated forage or bedding, lick sewage, wall skin, soil, food trough, bite bricks, tiles, stones, bottles, soles, rags, hair, plastic, paper scraps, cinder, iron and paint and other foreign bodies. Suffering cattle like to gather in garbage dumps, garbage stations and other places, often eating or drinking water interruption to eat foreign bodies. Suffering from cattle easy to panic, sensitivity to external stimuli increased, later is slow. Often accompanied by dry skin, decreased strength, loose hair luster, anorexia fatigue, bow, grinding teeth, chills and malnutrition and other symptoms, growth and development by varying degrees of retardation. Cattle suffering from dry mouth, or began to constipation, diarrhea, diarrhea alternating; anemia, progressive weight loss, further loss of appetite, deterioration, and even failure and death. Dairy cow milk production decreased, delayed estrus; pregnant cattle can occur abortion.
1、nutritional factorsGeneral nutritional factors are consideredcausePicathe main cause.Mineral deficiency Insufficient mineral elements such as sodium, cobalt, copper, phosphorus, iron, manganese, sulfur, iodine, zinc and magnesiumIn particular, the lack of sodium salt causes hyponatremia and often causes pica of cattle. Usually, cattle like to lick alkaline substances at this time. The lack of sodium in cattle may be due to insufficient sodium in the feed, or it may be due to too much potassium in the feed. To discharge excess potassium, the body must increase the discharge of sodium at the same time, resulting in increased loss of sodium and no timely supplement, which leads to sodium deficiency. The test results show that the soilCobaltWhen the content of is less than 2.0 mg/kg, the area willOccurrence of pica. When the copper content in hay is less than 5.0 mg/kg (the normal content is 6.0-12.0 mg/kg), the cattle with single forage will have pica fed with acid feed for a long time, which will cause excessive consumption of alkali in the body, causing imbalance of calcium and phosphorus ratio and causing pica. in cattleZinc deficiency can also appear picaThe reason may be related to abnormal taste. Vitamin deficiency VA, VD3, VE, VB2, VB3 and VB12 and other deficiencies, so that the body of cattle and metabolism is closely related to the lack of enzymes and coenzymes, leading to metabolic disorders in the body and the occurrence of pica. Protein and Amino Acid Deficiency Sometimes pica in cattle may be related to a deficiency of sulfur-containing amino acids.
2 Disease factors
The disease itself does not cause pica, but can produce a stressful or inducing effect. A number of clinical and subclinical disorders have been shown to be a predisposing factor for pica, such as rickets, osteomalacia, chronic prefibrinous osteodystrophy, chronic dyspepsia, forestomach disease, and certain parasites. Iron deficiency anemia iron deficiency anemia cattle have more than 50% different degrees of pica. Calves suffering from iron deficiency anemia often have a burning sensation in the mouth, which leads to the phenomenon of different eating. It is now believed that iron deficiency can cause dysfunction of the feeding center of the hypothalamus and cause abnormal feeding. Brain diseases Sick cattle suffering from brain organic diseases, neurological dysfunction, brain growth retardation, encephalitis and sequelae of brain trauma may have pica. Parasites inside and outside parasites also play a role in inducing pica by direct stimulation or production of toxins, such as ascariasis, cysticercosis and bovine lice disease. Endocrine disorders in pregnant cattle due to the existence of potential iron deficiency anemia and hormone changes in the body and lactating cattle chronic ketosis, often lead to the phenomenon of ectopia.
3 improper feeding management environment bad herd feeding density is too large, individuals contact and conflict with each other frequently, competing for feed, water and rest position, attacking and fighting with each other, easy to induce malaise. High temperature and humidity, poor wind, poor lighting, overcrowding, muggy, mosquitoes and flies, etc., coupled with the stimulation of harmful gases in the cattle house, easy to make cattle irritable and cause different food phenomenon. Improper management of single forage, lack of water, lack of exercise and various stress factors may be the incentives for cattle to eat. The forage is not fed enough. After leaving the trough, there is nothing to bite everywhere. Over time, pica is formed. Whipping a cow's head can easily cause brain injury and cause pica.
4 Other factors Some long-term abuse of cattle, pregnant cows and poor growth environment of calves, because of psychological trauma caused by pica. Take practical prevention and control measures, can receive obvious effect.
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