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Postpartum nursing and feeding management of calves
Release time:
2020-12-18
Prevention and treatment of common diseases [Diarrhea] Do a good job in environmental sanitation, pay attention to heat preservation, reasonably match feed, pay attention to the quality of feed, clean drinking water and warm water. If the disease, sulfamidine or berberine can be used for 3-5 days.
1. Calves Postpartum Nursing3Step
Removal of mucus
When the calf is born, should first remove the mouth and nostril mucus, so as not to hinder breathing. When the calf has inhaled mucus and it is difficult to breathe, hold the calf's hind limbs and hang it and pat it on the chest to make it spit out mucus. The second is to wipe the mucus on the body of the calf so as not to catch cold. If the cow calves normally, the cow will lick immediately without swabbing. For artificial suckling calves, in order to avoid cow love and increase the difficulty of milking, it is still advisable to wipe their bodies with hay or dry cloth.
2. Breaking the umbilical cord
Calves generally tear off the umbilical cord naturally. If the umbilical cord is not torn off, it should be at a distance from the calf's abdomen.10-12Centimeter cut the umbilical cord with disinfecting scissors, squeeze out the blood in the umbilical cord and fully disinfect with iodine tincture to avoid omphalitis.
Feed colostrum
Calves are born after1Feed colostrum within hours, and the first colostrum feeding amount shall not be less1kg, can be fed to the weight1/6, the temperature is35-38℃, too high temperature will make colostrum solidification, too low will lead to diarrhea of calves.
To do"Four fixed", that is, fixed people, special people to raise; Regular, regular feeding every day2-3Times; quantitative, fed to body weight1/6-1/7; constant temperature, the temperature of the milk fed is maintained37-38C.
Feeding and Management of 2. Calves9Article
1. Weighing and numbering
According to breeding needs, calves are weighed and numbered with ear labels before eating their first colostrum after birth.
2. Supplementary feeding
Training calves to eat solid feed as soon as possible. After birth4The calves were fed mixed concentrate to lure food every day, and the one-week-old calves began to eat hay freely.20Day after day start adding chopped carrots or other melons and fruits to the concentrate20-25G, gradually increased later, fed at the age of 2 months1-1.5Kilograms. Only after 2 months of age can calves be fed with silage and fed every day.100-150G, gradually increase the feeding amount later, when the age of 2 months to feed1.5-3kilograms,4-6Feeding at the age of the month4-5Kilograms.
3. Drinking water
feeding milk2After hours, give the cows warm water to drink, try to do one cow at a time, fully supply clean drinking water, and let them drink freely. Use warm water in winter. Rinse the drinking utensils after use and disinfect them regularly.
4. Insulation
Clean and soft bedding is laid in the calf house to prevent thieves from attacking in winter.
5. Brush
Calves due to the use of feeding, the skin is easy to adhere to feces and dust and the formation of skin scale, reduce the insulation and heat dissipation capacity of the fur, so that the skin blood circulation deterioration, but also susceptible to disease, so should be brushed once a day.
Early weaning
Early weaning of lactation4Most weeks.1colostrum during the week,1After the week, the calves were fed regular milk and trained to feed calves and provide high-quality hay. When every head every day to eat1About kilograms of calves can be weaned.
7. Corner removal and accessory nipple removal
10Day-6The method is to cut off the hairs at the base of the horns and coat the hairs on the periphery of the hairs with vaseline to prevent the liquid from flowing out and hurting the head or eyes. Rub the base with rod-like caustic soda or caustic soda with a little warm water until there is a trace of blood seeping out of the epidermis, or burn with an electric iron, and then coat penicillin ointment or borate powder when it becomes white. If there is any liquid medicine flowing out, use cotton to suck it off. After removing horns, calves should be raised in a single column to prevent other calves from licking and rain. If there is suppuration, rinse with hydrogen peroxide at the beginning, and then apply iodine tincture; if there is swelling from the root of the ear to the cheek, it is necessary to use green and streptomycin to reduce inflammation.2-6Weeks when the accessory nipple is removed.
Sports and Grazing
Calves from after birth8-10At the age of day, I began to exercise for a short time in the playground outside the house, and then gradually extended the exercise time. If the calves are born in the warm season, the age of exercise can be appropriately advanced. According to the change of temperature, the daily exercise time should be mastered flexibly. Where conditions permit, grazing can be carried out from the age of two months. Exercise is important in promoting both feed intake and health in calves.
Prevention and treatment of common diseases
【Diarrhea] Do a good job in environmental sanitation, pay attention to heat preservation, reasonably match feed, pay attention to the quality of feed, clean drinking water and warm water. If the disease, available sulfamidine or berberine, combined3-5Day.
[dysentery] do a good job in environmental sanitation, keep the barn dry and clean, and often disinfect the barn. If the disease occurs, add oxytetracycline or chlortetracycline when feeding colostrum for the first time0.5grams, daily2-3Times, even clothes3Day.
[Pneumonia] Avoid sudden changes in climate, cold and cold, strengthen exercise, and pay attention to improving the body's resistance. If the disease occurs, penicillin is usually used per kilogram of body weight.4000-8000Units, Streptomycin1-1.510,000 units. Intramuscular, twice daily,3-7Day.
[Eagles] Don't overdo the fine material. If the disease, in the hunger strike under the premise to give plenty of clean water. Can be in the mouth of the horizontal title of cedar sticks or other sticks, reflexively promote rumen peristalsis, rumination and belching, can also be oral yeast powder250-500gram, twice daily.
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