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Cow ketosis
Release time:
2018-09-12
Pregnant cows should not be over-fattened, especially for cows with multiple parturients during the dry milk period, reduce some concentrate as appropriate, and adjust their digestive function before delivery. For example, concentrate should be gradually added 3-4 weeks before delivery so that cows can well adapt to the addition of milk yield after calving, but the protein in concentrate should not be too high, generally not more than 16%. Do not feed moldy, spoiled, inferior hay and poor quality silage, do not suddenly change the feed, feed should contain enough vitamins, trace elements.
The disease mainly occurs in high-yielding dairy cows with good nutrition, and the morbidity and mortality of the calves are increased, and some cows are eliminated after a long period of time and repeated morbidity.
cow ketosisAlso known as ketonemia, ketonuria. It is a disease of systemic dysfunction caused by carbohydrate and fat metabolism disorders. The disease is characterized by ketonemia, ketonuria, ketonuria, milk, hypoglycemia, digestive disorders, decreased milk production, and neurological symptoms. Cattle of all births can be diseased.,3 ~6The incidence of fetal disease is the most, mostly in the postpartum period.1Within months, most of them appear in the third week when lactation begins to increase,2Very few months after the onset. Winter and summer are more than spring and autumn, and high-yield cattle are more than low-yield cattle.
Etiology
When dairy cows are lactating, the negative balance of energy occurs when the feed intake cannot meet the energy needs of lactation. Cows need to use their own body fat and protein to degrade them to meet the energy needs. Excessive acetic acid and butyric acid (ketone body) are produced in the process of converting fat and protein into energy, which leads to the occurrence of ketosis. Excessive fattening of cows during calving is the cause of ketosis, vitaminB12 deficiency (cobalt deficiency) promotes the occurrence of this disease, and the imbalance of insulin and thyroid function caused by excessive secretion of oxytocin due to lactation after childbirth is also a cause of this disease.
Symptoms:
Light after the lack of obvious clinical symptoms, only milk production decreased, appetite slightly reduced, progressive weight loss is their characteristics, considerable weight loss, milk production decreased significantly, the course of sustainable1 ~2Months.Ketosis can generally be divided into three types: digestive type, neurological type and paralytic type (paralytic type). Digestive type is more common in three types, with high incidence rate. Light type only needs to strengthen feeding management, adjust feed (reduce protein feed), cooperate with treatment, with good prognosis, delayed condition, secondary enteritis, dehydration, severe acidosis and poor prognosis.
Digestive type: normal or slightly lower body temperature, superficial respiration (acidosis), hyperactivity of heart sound, pungent ketone odor of exhaled gas, urine and milk, depressed spirit, rapid and obvious weight loss, staggering gait, sharp decline of lactation, initial eating of hay or grass, final refusal of food, cessation of rumination, relaxation of anterior stomach, initial discharge of foul-smelling feces, expansion of turbidity boundary of liver percussion sound, exceeding13 ribs, and sensitive pain.
Nerve type: in addition to the main symptoms of digestive type in different degrees, there are a series of neurological symptoms such as excitement, yelling, empty chewing and frequent tongue rotation, aimless rotation and abnormal gait, head wall or trough and pillar, vision loss of some cattle, hyperesthesia, body muscles and nystagmus, and some excitement and depression can occur alternately.
Paralysis type (paralysis type): Many symptoms are similar to production paralysis, and some of the main symptoms of the above ketosis also appear, such as loss of appetite or refusal to eat, digestive symptoms such as anorexia and relaxation of the forestomach, as well as allergy to stimulation, muscle tremor, spasm, rapid decline in lactation, etc. If it occurs at the same time as production paralysis, calcium is not effective.
Diagnosis
Most of the disease occurs in the postpartum lactation period, emaciation, significantly reduced milk production, lack of appetite, anterogastric relaxation and neurological symptoms, liver percussion area expansion, with urine, milk, exhaled gas ketone odor, can be diagnosed. Should and produce paralysis, traumatic mesh stomach.-Peritonitis—Pericarditis, dyspepsia, metritis, abomasum and other diseases.
Treatment
Sugar supplements and sugar-derived substances: glucose500 ~1000ml static, daily3～4Times, it is best to lose for a long time, oral multi-health1000ml/Times, daily2Times, even clothes2The amount will be reduced in days.
Hormone therapy: corticosteroids such as acetosalpine, hydrocortisone, prednisolone, flumefasone and other adrenocorticotropic hormones also have good results.
Intravenous injection of glucose at the same time, the appropriate use of small doses of insulin, to promote the use of sugar.
Relieve acidosis:50% sodium bicarbonate is injected intravenously, preferably in combination with the determination of plasma carbon dioxide binding capacity. Sodium lactate is also a drug to correct acidosis.
Other symptomatic treatment: appropriate use of sedatives such as ambroxol, chlorpromazine, coenzymes for neurological symptomsA or cysteine, calcium gluconate,BGroup of vitamins,VC,VE.
Prevention
Pregnant cows should not be too fat, especially for cows with multiple parity in the dry milk period, reduce some concentrate as appropriate, and adjust their digestive function before delivery, such as before delivery.3 ~4Week gradually add concentrate in order to make the cow after calving can be well adapted to milk production feeding, but the protein in the concentrate should not be too high, generally not more16%. Do not feed moldy, spoiled, inferior hay and poor quality silage, do not suddenly change the feed, feed should contain enough vitamins,trace element.
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