In autumn and winter, one of the most susceptible intestinal diseases of calves is dysentery. Calves are prone2One type of dysentery is diarrhea caused by infection with pathogenic microorganisms or contamination of utensils and bedding, and the other is nutritional diarrhea, that is, failure to eat colostrum in time, excessive lactation, low milk temperature, invasion by thieves and low temperature in the house can cause the disease. If you do not pay attention to, will seriously endanger the health of cattle.

1Clinical symptoms

Blood failure type: from the incubation period to the death of calves, the short course of disease only needs to be24h, and the long course of disease only needs2～3days, usually less7Day-old calves are prone to occur. Sick cattle show normal body temperature or fever, but also occasionally low, diarrhea, often in the symptoms after a few hours1Acute death occurred within days, and there was basically no obvious change in appearance.

Intestinal type: This type is generally more likely to occur clinically, usually by sucking colostrum and7-10Day-old calves occur. In the early stage of the disease, the spirit of the cow was depressed, and the body temperature increased significantly, reaching40～41C, loss of appetite or completely abandoned, often lying down. After several hours, diarrhea begins to appear, then the body temperature gradually decreases to the normal level, and the excreted feces begin to be porridge-like and usually yellow. At the later stage, watery feces are gradually excreted, and the outside of the hindquarters and tail are polluted by thin feces.At this time, the body temperature of the sick cow is reduced to normal or low, the pulse and breathing are accelerated, and it is often accompanied by abdominal pain. He frequently kicks the abdominal wall with his legs, and rolls his head and body into a ball, lying motionless, and severe dehydration. If there is no timely Take treatment measures, the mortality rate can reach30%.

2Pathological examination

When a sick calf died of acute dysentery due to septicemia, there were basically no obvious pathological changes. When the sick calf suffers from intestinal type and dies, the body is obviously emaciated, dehydrated, the eye socket is sunken, the mucous membrane is pale, and the discharge of thin feces contaminates the perianal area. After autopsy, it was found that there were mainly gastroenteritis changes. There were a large number of curds in the true stomach, mucosal edema and congestion, transparent gelatinous mucus covered on it, congestion occurred in the folds, and some mucosal epithelium was often mixed with bubbles and blood, emitting a foul smell. Mesenteric and rectal lymph nodes were swollen, and the cut surface was juicy, occasionally congested mucosa, and congested small intestine,

3Treatment

Antibacterial

Each sick cow each oral10Tablets of norfloxacin, I .e.2.5g, taken orally every day2～3Times. In addition, the disease cattle can also be used ampicillin, gentamicin and other antibacterial treatment. At the same time, but also with rehydration, for strong heart and correct acidosis.

prevent dehydration

Sick cattle can be orally rehydration salts, I .e.SgSodium bicarbonate,1.5gPotassium chloride,3.5gSodium chloride,20gGlucose andlOOOmLWater, let it drink freely; Or according to the appropriate amount of rehydration salt per kilogram of body weight, generally every day will belOOmLDivided3～4The second irrigation can quickly replenish body fluids and clean the intestines.

intravenous drip

Sick cattle were injected intravenously5%Dextrose, saline,6%low molecular dextran,5%Sodium bicarbonate each250mL,lOmLVitaminsC,lOOmgA mixed solution of hydrocortisone, performed daily when symptoms are mild1Injections, daily when symptoms are severe2Times.

adjust gastrointestinal function

Take64gmixed preparations (containing67.53%Glucose,10.3%glycine,14.34%Sodium chloride,6.8%Potassium dihydrogen phosphate,0.82%Citric acid,0.21%potassium citrate), adding2000mLWater, made isotonic solution. Sick cow stops suckling before feeding2Drink every day.lOOOmL, every day2Times. If the disease cattle persistent diarrhea, can be taken internally10～20gActivated carbon or5～lOgBismuth subnitrate; can also be taken per kilogram of body weight0.06gco-trimoxazole, in combination5～10Tablets of Eyrium &5～10Tablets Lactobacillus Tablets Mixed for Internal Use, Daily2Times, taken continuously2～3Day, with good curative effect. If the body temperature of the sick cow rises, it can also be used for antipyretic.

Chinese medicine treatment

Pulsatilla soup plus or minus, that is, take30gLicorice,30gFructus Aurantii,50gQinpi,40gForsythia,40gPhellodendron,30gBetel nut,30gSanguisorba,40gHoneysuckle,40gRhubarb,50gCoptis chinensis,40gwoody incense,40gRadix Paeoniae Alba,30gSophora japonica,40gFresh Rehmannia,50gPulsatilla chinensis, add appropriate amount of water and use gentle fire to decoct the soup. when the temperature is suitable, pour it into sick cattle, each time750～lOOOmLEvery day.2times,1Drug can be continuous2Day, continuous4～6agent. In addition, you can also use white peony powder, that is, take50gTalc,15gLicorice,35gFormer Ren,50gPulsatilla,35gPoria cocos,25gRhubarb,30gSanguis charcoal,40gCoptis chinensis,50gHoneysuckle,40gWhite peony, all ground into fine powder and mixed evenly, with warm water irrigation, to the sick cattle continuous administration2～3Kushen powder, that is, takelOOgSophora,50gLicorice,50gChuan Pu,50gCoptis chinensis, all ground into fine powder, with boiling water to adjust, after the temperature is appropriate to the sick cattle irrigation1Times.

4,Prevention

Because newborn calves have weak resistance, it is recommended to give probiotics to calves 4-6 hours after birth, and the longest is not more than 24 hours. Probiotics quickly occupy,Regulating intestinal healthIncreased immunity,Reduce the rate of diarrheaReduce the use of antibiotics.ProbioticsSolve the calf diarrhea effect is remarkable.The ability to adapt to the external environment is also poor, so attention should be paid to strengthening health management, and in17～20Day-old must be given or injected with anti-parasitic drugs to prevent the occurrence of dysentery,30The deworming must be carried out before the day of age. Calves can be used per kilogram of body weight10～15mgAlbendazole tablets, each10kg body weight subcutaneous injection0.2mLIvermectin injection, each10kg body weight subcutaneous injection0.ImLAvermectin injection, etc. Choose which anthelmintic to use, preferably at intervals after the initial dose7Repeat the medication in about days.1times to ensure better results. In addition, cows can also be injected or fed with anthelmintic drugs during postpartum lactation, which can not only exorcise parasites in cows and strengthen their bodies, but also enable calves to obtain drugs by sucking milk, thus preventing parasitic diseases. However, it should be noted that calves are best17～20Age again1Second deworming.

If calves excrete dysentery feces that emit a strong foul smell, it is necessary to consider the possibility of viral or bacterial enteritis, and at the same time pay attention to measuring their body temperature to determine whether they have a low or high fever. If the occurrence of viral or bacterial enteritis, choose a variety of antibiotic drugs with treatment, but also regular deworming.

There is more rain in spring and summer, so it is necessary to keep the cattle house in good environmental hygiene, and kill eggs and mosquitoes in time to prevent and control parasitic diseases. In autumn and winter, the key to prevent dysentery in calves is to ensure that the house is warm, clean and dry, and to supply clean drinking water for them to drink. If the temperature is low, warm water should be supplied.