1 Choose the right method of fattening

 

Shandong QingfengFocus on rumination

 

In the process of raising fattening cattle, the following methods can be mainly selected. Calves can be directly fattened by continuous fattening, short-term fattening can also be adopted for breeding cattle that cannot be used for breeding, and short-term fattening can also be adopted for shelf cattle. As for the choice of fattening method to raise fattening cattle, it is mainly based on the method and method of breeding, combined with the price of the local market and the demand of the market. Generally speaking, for farmers with large-scale farms, they can choose a single fattening method, and they can also choose a classified fattening method for breeding.

According to the breeding scale, sex and age of fattening cattle, two feeding methods can be selected, namely, small circle free-range feeding and tethered feeding. Free-range captivity means that cattle of the same sex and month age and weight are grouped into a group and raised in the same small circle. Usually, the number of cattle raised in each circle is 10-15. After grouping, they should be kept relatively stable and fed with full-price diet. They are allowed to drink and eat freely and move freely at the same time. This kind of feeding method is more suitable for large-scale feeding, which can improve the utilization rate of cattle shed, save labor, make the cattle competitive with each other, and promote each cow to give full play to the potential of weight gain, but it may lead to the occurrence of irregular development. Tethered feeding is generally suitable for fattening cattle, which are separated according to their physical size and strength when they are put in the human column, and the slot position is fixed.

During the transitional deworming period, fattening cattle are mainly fed with roughage of better quality, and the concentrate should be fed less or not. When the physical strength of the fattening cattle continues to recover, the feeding amount of concentrate can be gradually increased, and the ratio of concentrate and roughage is controlled at 3:7. In the early stage of fattening, the cattle diet increased from 30% concentrate to 60%, and according to their specific weight, lkg of compound concentrate containing 11% protein was fed every lOOkg.w, but coarse feed was freely fed. At this stage, the diet consists of 5~6kg hay, 15kg silage corn and 3kg mixed concentrate, which contains 78% corn, 18% cooked bean cake, 1. 5% additives, 1% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 1% salt and 0. 5% other substances. At the later stage of fattening, the level of concentrate contained in the cattle diet can be further increased to 70% ~ 85%, and according to their actual body weight, 1.1~1.2kg of compound concentrate containing 9.5 ~ 1O0.0% protein per lOOkg.w is fed with coarse feed freely. The diet at this stage consists of 6-8kg hay, 18kg silage corn and 4kg of mixed concentrate, which contains 88% corn, 8% cooked bean cake, 1. 5% additive, 1% salt, 1% calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0. 5% multivitamins.

Red RockyThe licking brick is specially designed for ruminants. The balanced nutrition formula can promote the growth and development of cattle, increase milk production, increase body weight and increase reproduction rate. Magnesium, iron, cobalt, iodine, manganese, zinc, selenium, sodium, copper and other elements interact and participate in the metabolism of the body, so it has a great effect and influence on the health, weight gain, milk production, reproduction and other aspects of cattle, and finally brings breeding benefits.

Red Rockysignificant efficacy of licking brick:

1: Improve animal health and reduce morbidity (e. g., improve initial pregnancy rates,mastitis,hoof disease, placental wear, etc.);

2: increase water intake, increase appetite, increase weight and milk production;

3: enhance fertility and fetal health;

4: improve the quality of fur, improve food digestion, improve feed utilization;

Lick brickThe correct method of use:

1. The position of the licking brick should not be raised. The best position is 30-50cm from the ground. It is best to place it in a special licking brick box.

2. Livestock should lick the bricks as much as possible. At least one lick brick per 5-10 adult cows;

3. The surface of the licking brick must be kept clean. If there is dirt on the surface of the licking brick, it will affect the licking of animals.

4, licking bricks should be placed as far as possible in the water source and where livestock often gather; to keep the water source clean.

5, the use of licking brick cattle can not add salt, or feed salt can not be higher than 0.1;

6, the time the herd licks the bricks is also important.

Fattening cattle are usually fed 2-3 times a day at regular intervals of more than 6 hours, and 1.0-1. 5 hours for feeding each time. For fattening cattle with smaller months, the feeding speed is slow, so that the time can be extended appropriately. Fattening cattle can only supply drinking water after feeding th, drinking water 2~3 times a day in summer and 2 times a day in winter, and it is best to supply warm water. Before the concentrate is fed, it should be moistened with water several hours in advance, braised and softened, then fully mixed with the roughage, and fed in batches and times. It is also possible to feed a part of the roughage mixed with concentrate, and then add the rest of the roughage to the feeding tank after eating all, and the type of diet fed should remain relatively stable.

Ensure that the barn is dry, clean and quiet. For open-air fattening cattle farms, and when the number of cattle raised in each column exceeds 100, cow dung shall be removed once every 2-3 months; For fattening cattle farms with cattle sheds and cowshed fences, and the number of cattle raised in each column is about 10-20, cow dung shall be removed twice a day. When it rains, the sports ground should be well drained. Regular epidemic prevention and health care and vaccination work. For easily damaged items, such as fences, reins, etc., attention should be paid to frequent maintenance or replacement.

The breeder shall feed, disinfect and clean manure in accordance with the operating procedures, and the action shall be light to ensure a quiet environment. At the same time, the hygiene of cattle body, forage trough, drinking water and forage shall be strengthened. Regularly observe and record the feeding, rumination and defecation of fattening cattle, and dispose of any abnormality in time. Every morning and afternoon, the cow's body is brushed once. After the cow is fed, it is brushed in the sports field, which can stimulate blood circulation and skin metabolism, and increase its feed intake as much as possible, thus facilitating management.

According to feed intake to determine. Fattening cattle must be selected for slaughter at a certain stage of feeding. Farmers generally slaughter cattle when their feed intake is reduced to 1/3 or less of the normal level. In addition, dry matter can be used as the unit of calculation, when the average feed intake is 1. 5% or less of the daily live weight as the best period for slaughter.

According to the fattening cattle in various parts of the degree of fat deposition. When the fattening cattle pass the growth period, the individual volume will stop growing, and usually it will become growth fat. When fattening cattle abdominal rib fat, ischial end fat or waist fat thickening, it can be determined that this is the best time for its slaughter.

According to the fattening index to determine. Not only can the above two methods be used to determine the best out date, but also to calculate the fertility index. The fattening degree refers to the ratio of weight and height of live cattle. The formula is weight/height × 100. When the fattening degree index is larger, the fattening degree is better, thus it is considered to be the best time for slaughter.