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Shandong Qingfeng | Artificial Insemination Technology for Pasture Cows
Release time:
2021-08-09
Cattle artificial insemination refers to the first artificial method using equipment to collect bull semen, semen in vitro after inspection and processing (such as dilution and freezing, etc.), and then use the equipment to transport semen to the appropriate parts of the estrus cow reproductive tract, so that its conception, instead of male, cow natural mating breeding method.
Concept of Artificial Insemination Technology for 1. Cattle
Cattle artificial insemination refers to the first artificial method using equipment to collect bull semen, semen in vitro after inspection and processing (such as dilution and freezing, etc.), and then use the equipment to transport semen to the appropriate parts of the estrus cow reproductive tract, so that its conception, instead of male, cow natural mating breeding method.
Artificial insemination technology mainly includes four links: semen collection, semen dilution, semen freezing and preservation, and insemination.
1. Semen Collection
Semen collection is referred to as semen collection, which refers to the process of collecting bull semen by using certain instruments, and is the first technical link of artificial insemination technology. Bull collection is mainly the use of false vulva and Taiwan cattle to collect excellent bull semen (Figure 1-1, 1-2).
China's breeding bulls are raised in a frozen semen production and operation license of the bull station. In general, bulls collect semen 2-3 times a week, and each time two ejaculation doses can collect 6-10 ml of semen.
2. Semen dilution
Semen dilution refers to the process of adding a certain amount of diluted solution suitable for sperm survival and maintaining its fertilization ability in the collected original semen, which is an important technical link to fully reflect and give full play to the advantages of artificial insemination. Semen dilution can expand the volume of semen, increase the amount of ejaculation can be equipped with the number of female animal head, inhibit the activity of harmful microorganisms in semen and prolong the life of sperm.
3. Semen preservation
After semen collection and dilution, it is necessary to take certain methods to preserve, in order to ensure the fertilization capacity of semen, facilitate long-distance transportation, expand the scope of utilization, increase the number of breeding cows, and improve the breeding efficiency of excellent breeding bulls.
After semen dilution, three methods can be used: room temperature storage (15-25 degrees Celsius), low temperature storage (minus 0-5 degrees Celsius) and cryopreservation (minus 79 or minus 196 degrees Celsius).
At present, the preservation of bovine semen in China mainly adopts liquid nitrogen cryopreservation method. The dosage form of frozen semen is mainly 0.25 ml of thin tube semen, which is frozen and stored in a liquid nitrogen container.
4. Artificial insemination
Artificial insemination is the process of using equipment to accurately deliver a certain amount of semen to the appropriate part of the estrus cow's reproductive tract at the appropriate time after the cow is in estrus.
The insemination methods of artificial insemination in cattle include vaginal opener insemination and rectal grasping insemination. Because the rectum to grasp the insemination method required by the simple device, safe operation, artificial insemination site can be controlled, and the pregnancy rate is higher, so the current cattle artificial insemination mainly use the rectum to grasp the insemination method.
3.artificial insemination of cattleThe role of technology in production
Artificial insemination technology is a major breakthrough in livestock breeding technology, and has become a modern livestock breeding method that has been popularized and applied worldwide. The role of artificial insemination technology in cattle production mainly includes:
1. Give full play to the breeding value and breeding ability of excellent breeding bulls. For example, in natural mating, a breeding bull can breed up to 100-200 cows a year, while using artificial insemination technology, a breeding bull can breed 10000-20000 or even 100000 cows.
2. Due to the expansion of the transmission speed and scope of the genetic material of excellent breeding bulls, the progress of cattle breeding and genetic improvement can be accelerated.
3. Avoid the occurrence and spread of diseases due to natural mating.
4. Reduce the number of breeding bulls and reduce the cost of breeding management.
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