With the continuous development and progress of biotechnology, remarkable achievements have been made in the field of artificial reproduction. Cattle will go through a long period of time in the process of growth and development. Therefore, it takes a long period of time in the reproductive process, which has a great impact on mass reproduction. The use of artificial insemination technology can be very good to avoid the existence of this problem, artificial insemination of cattle can largely shorten the breeding cycle, improve the survival rate of fertilization, to improve the breeding of cattle has a significant role, but in the actual process of artificial insemination, there are still many technical problems, we need to take corresponding measures should be on the existing problems. This paper mainly analyzes and explains the technical problems in the process of artificial insemination, and puts forward the corresponding solutions, hoping that this analysis and research will have some benefits for the better development of artificial insemination of cattle.

Artificial insemination technology is mainly a breeding technology that uses the excellent traits of a male animal to breed with multiple female animals and pass this excellent trait to the offspring. This breeding technology is of great practical significance in breeding improvement, improving and improving the yield and quality of livestock products. This technology has the characteristics of high scientific and technological content, wide application range, strong operability, high efficiency and high income, which is widely used in breeding. The artificial insemination technology of cattle mainly originated in the late seventies of the last century. With the continuous progress and improvement of science and technology and biotechnology, artificial insemination technology is also undergoing varying degrees of change and entry. During the decades of application in this field, this technology has significant significance for the improvement of local varieties, the improvement of offspring yield and the quality of animal products, and has achieved remarkable economic and social benefits. Especially through the use of artificial insemination technology, the sales price of live cattle continues to rise, and it has become a pillar industry for farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich. The author mainly combined with their own practical work experience, the cattle artificial insemination process related technical problems are discussed, are summarized as follows:

1. do a good job in the connection of technical personnel, do a good job in technical training

In the early stage of the application of this technology, our country has cultivated a batch of technical talents with excellent professional quality, strong working ability and rich practical experience, which made great contributions to the improvement of cattle varieties at that time. However, with the continuous progress and development of science and information technology, advanced artificial insemination technology has undergone great changes, coupled with the lack of information on various related technologies, there is no further training for technical personnel, at the same time, due to the influence of various adverse factors such as the age structure of technical personnel, the existing artificial insemination technology has been unable to meet the needs and development of the market. For new technicians, although they have advanced knowledge system, due to lack of practical experience, low level of education and other factors, they do not know much about new technologies, resulting in the professional quality of the whole team is generally low. In view of these problems, the author thinks that we should start from the following aspects: first, let the new technicians learn from the experience of the old technicians; Secondly, the local animal husbandry department should do a good job in the training of internal personnel and conduct regular assessment. At the same time, experts can be hired to carry out lectures and training, and relevant personnel can be organized to study in agricultural colleges and universities in the region. Again, scholars Professional students graduated from colleges and universities to enrich the grass-roots team, to ensure the cultural level of technical personnel; finally, to carry out various educational activities within the team, to carry out knowledge innovation work.

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It can be widely used in rectal palpation, ovarian examination, pregnancy examination, obstetrics and artificial insemination of dairy cows, beef cattle, horses and donkeys. It is also a must for preventing staff from occupational diseases and cross-infection of maternal reproductive diseases.

2. according to the rules of operation, to be rigorous and meticulous

In the process of artificial insemination, it often happens that the operation is not strict and meticulous, the disinfection facilities of the site are not perfect, the sanitary conditions are extremely poor, the equipment disinfection is not complete during the operation, and the vulva of the cow is not completely cleaned during the fertilization process. The existence of these problems will not only have a serious impact on the health of cattle, but also affect the fertilization rate of cattle, and may lead to the spread of various animal diseases. In view of the existing problems, we should make the following points: first of all, we should thoroughly ensure the cleanliness and safety of artificial insemination sites, set up corresponding disinfection facilities, and do a good job in various disinfection work; secondly, in the process of artificial insemination, the operators should completely disinfect and wear corresponding disinfection clothing. After the operation is completed, they should change clothing, shoes and hats, and carry out disinfection again. Finally, during the operation, the vulva of the cow should be thoroughly cleaned to prevent pathogenic infection.

3. grasp the accurate time of insemination, ensure the fertilization rate of cows

Before starting fertilization, technicians must conduct a detailed analysis and understanding of the cow's condition, check whether it is in heat, whether there is a series of conditions such as disease, etc., and personally verify it on the basis of listening to the opinions of the livestock. In the process of insemination, the position of insemination should be mastered, and the vas deferens should not be inserted forcibly, so as to avoid mechanical damage to the cow's uterus, thus affecting the efficiency of fertilization. In the actual operation process, artificial insemination should be carried out during the estrus of cows. The method of insemination is rectal and uterine insemination, and semen is input into the 2nd to 3rd folds in the uterus.

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With the use of Qingfeng card spring type vas deferens, it makes insemination more convenient and easy, and significantly improves the quality of insemination and pregnancy rate.

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4. ensure the quality of frozen semen, in strict accordance with the specifications

In the process of artificial insemination, there is often a phenomenon of poor quality of frozen sperm and low number of active sperm. Repeated freezing and thawing of semen in the process of operation, long retention time of semen outside the environment and improper operation will seriously affect the efficiency of fertilization. In order to avoid this problem, we should do the following aspects: first, timely supplement the liquid nitrogen of frozen semen to ensure that the liquid nitrogen is in a reasonable position; secondly, choose frozen semen that meets the corresponding standards, that is, after the semen is thawed, the vitality of sperm shall not be less than 0.3, and the number of straight forward sperm in each dose should be maintained at more than 10 million. The culture survival time under a certain temperature environment should exceed 4 hours. After semen is thawed, the number of colonies per milliliter shall not exceed 1000, and any of these indicators shall not be used if they do not meet the requirements. Thirdly, in the process of operation, it should be done quickly, with 5s being more suitable, and it should be ensured that the height taken out should exceed the liquid filling opening, and the opening should be covered and changed after the operation. Finally, during thawing, the unclosed section of the thin tube should be kept on the water, it is then placed in a suitable temperature environment.

There are many problems in the application of artificial insemination technology in cattle, which have a great impact on the success rate of fertilization. Therefore, in the process of operation, the operator needs to carefully carry out, for each fertilization operation should be carried out in detail analysis and summary, for the existing problems should be corrected in a timely manner, combined with their own practical experience, select the best and get worse, actively learn and apply advanced technology to practical work.