High temperature and humidity in summer, althoughFoot-and-mouth disease in cattleThe incidence of serious diseases such as bovine pasteuresis and bovine infectious pleuropneumonia has declined, but some minor diseases have continued to make cattle farmers very headache, the following small series to introduce beef cattle summer susceptible to what diseases!

1.limb and hoof disease

After entering the summer, many beef cattle will appear slope, standing instability, hoof and joint swelling and pain, mainly related to hoof rot, hoof leaf inflammation and arthritis and other limb hoof diseases. There are two main causes of beef cattle limb and hoof disease. One is improper feeding, such as excessive acidity of feed and imbalance of calcium and phosphorus ratio in feed. The other is environmental factors, such as damp cowshed, hard ground and poor hygiene, which may lead to joint and hoof injury.

The specific symptoms of different limb and hoof diseases in beef cattle are different. In addition to the common symptoms such as slope walking and unstable standing, hoof rot will have symptoms such as interhoof ulceration, purulent secretion and adverse granulation hyperplasia. Hoof leaf inflammation will have symptoms such as swelling of hoof crown, obvious pain in percussion of hoof wall, elevated body temperature and loss of appetite, and arthritis will have symptoms such as pain and swelling of diseased joints, we can according to the incidence of different parts and symptoms to determine the specific limb hoof disease and then the corresponding treatment.

Beef cattle hoof disease in the treatment is often more difficult, if the cause of the disease is not removed, it is easy to repeat, it is difficult to completely cure, so in the treatment of beef cattle hoof disease should first find out the cause of the disease before it is eliminated, of course, to eliminate the cause of the disease is also an important means to prevent beef cattle hoof disease.

First of all, let's talk about feeding. The feed should be scientifically proportioned. Try not to feed all the more acidic feeds such as silage, distiller's grains and concentrated feed. A certain amount of green hay should be mixed for feeding. At the same time, a proper amount of buffer (sodium bicarbonate and magnesium oxide are added according3:1Preparation) is used to neutralize the acidity of the feed. In addition, attention should be paid to the supplement of calcium and phosphorus.

Then let's talk about the environment. Fermentation beds can be used to raise cattle in cattle farms with conditions, which can greatly reduce the incidence rate of cattle limb and hoof disease. Cement or red brick floor will be considered when conditions do not permit. Generally speaking, red brick floor is slightly better than cement floor. First, red brick floor has poor thermal conductivity and will not be too cool in winter. Second, red brick floor has good water permeability and will not be too humid in summer. In summer, the humidity in the cowshed is generally relatively high. It is only possible to clean up manure in time and strengthen window ventilation. If natural ventilation is not ideal, exhaust fans and other equipment should be used to strengthen ventilation and dehumidification.

Finally, let's talk about treatment. Different limb and hoof diseases should choose the appropriate treatment plan according to different symptoms. Foot rot can be used first.0.1%Potassium permanganate solution is used to clean and disinfect the hoof, then remove the rotten hoof with a hoof repair tool, sprinkle antibiotic powder on the affected part, wrap the seriously affected hoof with gauze, and place the affected cow in a dry and cool place, and change dressing every day.1~2Time until it gets better; Foot leaf inflammation also needs to be used first.0.1%Potassium permanganate solution for cleaning and disinfection of the hoof, and then with penicillin40Ten thousand units are injected at points around the affected area and administered every day.1~2If necessary, pain relief and systemic anti-inflammatory; arthritis can be used penicillin40~80Ten thousand units are injected at points in the affected area and administered every day.1~2In addition, it is necessary to draw out the effusion in case of severe swelling. In addition, it is necessary to lead the affected cattle to the sun to promote recovery.

2. pink eye

With the gradual increase in temperature, many beef cattle eye tears, photophobia, conjunctival swelling, pain and corneal turbidity and ulcers and other symptoms, this phenomenon is mostly caused by bovine infectious conjunctival keratitis, cattle farmers also call it“pink eye”. Infectious bovine conjunctival keratitis is one of the high incidence diseases of cattle farms in summer. The causes of the disease are not only related to the breeding of pathogenic bacteria and ammonia gas caused by high temperature and humidity in the cattle house, but also related to the spread of mosquito and fly bites.

Beef cattle suffering from infectious conjunctival keratitis is mainly manifested as tearing, photophobia, conjunctival flushing and pain, etc., with the development of the disease, the eyes will be swollen and difficult to open, the cornea will be cloudy and ulcerated, and the turbid Milky White will look like a layer of fog. In severe cases, the eyes will flow out purulent, serous or mucinous secretions. If you can not get timely and effective treatment, it may become chronic, which will lead to different degrees of visual impairment and even blindness.

The disease is relatively easy to treat in the early stage of the disease. Normal saline can be used to flush the affected eye, then drop eye drops or apply eye ointment to the eyelids, and perform daily2~3Times, general3~5You can return to normal in a few days. In severe cases, in addition to eye drops treatment, it is also necessary to inject antibiotic drugs into the affected cattle for anti-inflammatory treatment. When the eyes have suppuration or corneal pannus is thicker, surgery should be considered to remove it, and procaine penicillin should be used at the same time.40~80Ten thousand units are injected subcutaneously in the eyelid or in the superficial layer of the temple.

If you want to prevent the occurrence of infectious conjunctival keratitis in beef cattle, first of all, you should do a good job in disinfection of cattle barns, clean up dung in time and disinfect cattle barns regularly to reduce the breeding of pathogenic bacteria in the environment. Secondly, we should strengthen the cooling and ventilation of cattle barns to reduce the content of ammonia, carbon dioxide and other toxic and harmful gases in the enclosure.

3.diarrhea disease

There are many diarrhea problems in beef cattle in summer. Both cattle and calves are prone to diarrhea, and there are many causes of diarrhea. First, it is related to the increase of pathogenic bacteria with poor environmental sanitation in cattle houses, second, it is related to beef cattle eating moldy and corrupt feed, and third, it is related to beef cattle eating a large amount of green and juicy feed. It can be said that there are bacterial diarrhea, viral diarrhea, unclean diarrhea and grass diarrhea, cattle farmers must be carefully screened according to feeding and management conditions and symptoms.

Bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea mostly occur in young cattle and old and weak cattle with poor digestive function and resistance. Most of them have symptoms such as severe diarrhea, thin feces, stench, foam or blood and loss of appetite. Some affected cows will also have elevated body temperature. Unclean diarrhea mostly occurs after cows eat moldy and corrupt feed or drink dirty water, mainly manifested as unexplained diarrhea and poor appetite. Grass diarrhea mainly occurs after beef cattle eat a large amount of green and juicy feed, suffering from mild diarrhea, after stopping feeding green and juicy feed will generally improve.

Beef cattle diarrhea should be symptomatic comprehensive treatment.

First, we should reduce or stop feeding green juicy feed, dross feed, fermented feed, concentrate feed and moldy feed, and feed some soft and digestible green hay feed.

Second, the affected cattle can be injected with gentamicin, oxytetracycline or dysentery net for antibacterial purposes. It is forbidden for cattle that have already started eating grass to take antibiotics orally, otherwise it will cause damage to rumen microbial flora.

Third, for cattle with severe diarrhea, rehydration, cardiac strengthening and electrolyte balance adjustment should be carried out. If diarrhea and stopping eating for a long time, sodium bicarbonate injection is needed to prevent acidosis.

Fourth, when the condition of the affected cattle improves, some probiotics or ruminants from healthy cattle can be taken orally to promote the restoration of ecological balance of gastrointestinal flora, which is conducive to the improvement of the condition.

bovine diarrheaThe prevention should start from many aspects. In summer, the cattle house should be cleaned well. The manure should be green in time and disinfected regularly. The moldy and corrupt forage should not be fed. The leftover materials should be cleaned up in time after feeding the cattle, so as to avoid corruption and affect the appetite for food over time.