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Easily Neglected Aspects of Increasing Milk Production in Pasture Qingfeng, Shandong Province
Release time:
2019-05-21
With the rapid growth of China's economy and the continuous improvement of its comprehensive national strength, China's economic and trade exchanges with the world have become more frequent. my country has gradually stepped into the ranks of the world's "big market" from a world-famous "big factory". China's dairy and dairy farming industries have gradually opened their doors. After the European Union decided to abolish the milk production quota system in March last year, China signed free trade agreements with Australia and New Zealand, four years later, milk powder and milk exported to China will be subject to zero tariff. At present, China's dairy industry and dairy farming industry are suffering heavy losses. In the future, they will face unprecedented pressure and challenges, especially in China
With the rapid growth of China's economy and the continuous improvement of comprehensive national strength, China's economic and trade exchanges with the international“big factory”Into the world“Big Market”After the European Union decided to abolish the quota system for milk production in March last year, China signed free trade agreements with Australia and New Zealand. Four years later, milk powder and milk exported to China will be subject to zero tariff. At present, China's dairy industry and dairy farming industry are suffering heavy losses, In the future, both will face unprecedented pressure and challenges, especially in China's dairy farming industry, the current development situation is that the number of dairy cows and the yield per unit area of dairy cows are growing slowly, while the cost of raising dairy cows is constantly increasing, the consumption of milk is stagnant, and the profit space of dairy farmers is constantly compressed. eventually lead to some dairy farmers with poor anti-risk ability to withdraw from the industry because of losses.
How can we make our Chinese dairy farmers gain a firm foothold in the world dairy farming industry and keep pace with the times??I personally think that should be established“High efficiency, high quality and high yield”The key point is to continuously improve the yield of dairy cows, improve the quality of milk and reduce the cost of farming. Below I combined with the actual situation of the work, in order to improve the production of dairy cows for the purpose of, talk about in the process of dairy farming management is easy to be ignored in several aspects;
1.Effect of somatic cells on milk yield in pasture
In my practical work, I have learned that most ranchers in this area lack understanding of the harm of somatic cells, and even some ranchers do not know what somatic cells are. Somatic cells are actually the general term for white blood cells and shedding epithelial cells in milk. When the mammary gland is damaged, under the action of the body's immune system, it will release a large number of white blood cells into the mammary gland. In addition, the damage will cause some mammary epithelial cells to fall off, and the shedding mammary epithelial cells are gradually replaced by connective tissue. The epithelial cells with milk production function are reduced, and the milk production function of cows is greatly affected, which eventually leads to the decline of pasture milk production. According to the relevant experimental data, it is proved that the number of somatic cells is in.20million/ml based on each increase10million/ml, milk production will decrease2.5%.
2.Effect of milking machine and its accessories on milk production
When the vacuum degree of the milking machine is too low, it will cause the milk in the cow's udder to be unclean. When the milk in the cow's udder is too much, it will make the cow's milk incomplete, damage the structure and function of the cow's udder, and lead to the occurrence of mastitis in the cow.
Milking machine vacuum pressure is too high can easily make nipple skin and muscle tissue damage, too long will lead to nipple eversion, resulting in mastitis and“blind nipple”, thus affecting pasture milk production.
In my actual work in the cattle farm, I found that most ranchers are not attentive to the operation of the milking machine, especially the regular replacement of the milking machine's milk lining. I think that the milk lining can be used as long as it is not broken. This idea is completely wrong. In the milking process of cows, the milk lining and breast are“Intimacy”The milk lining is a rubber product, which will age after long-term use, and many gaps will be formed on the surface. Some gaps cannot be observed by naked eyes, but it is real. There are a large number of bacteria and microorganisms in the gaps. When the disinfection is not complete during milking, mastitis is easily caused. If the control is not strict, it will cause cross infection of the entire herd and cause huge economic losses to the pasture.
3.Effect of Comfort on Milk Yield in Pasture
A good pasture environment can improve the comfort of cows, and the size of the comfort of the herd can result in a difference of tons of average milk production for the whole herd between two herds with similar genetic and dietary levels. As we all know, cows like cold and afraid of heat, especially hate high-temperature and high-humidity mud. Cattle live in this environment is extremely uncomfortable. Therefore, the ventilation and cooling of the cowshed should be increased in summer in the pasture. At the same time, attention should be paid to the drainage and softness of the cowbed. Sand is the best bedding material for the cowbed. The cowbed should be kept clean and dry on weekdays, so as to ensure that the cows have sufficient lying rest time. It is necessary to know that every cow should at least ensure every day.13hours of rest time, too much exercise will increase the energy consumption of cows, thus affecting the milk production in the pasture. According to statistics, when every reduction in cows1Hours of rest will cause1.6The loss of kilos of milk.
4.Effects of sun exposure and exercise on milk yield in pasture
In my work, I found that some ranchers have misunderstandings about the movement of dairy cows. They think that the herd should be tied to feed, the movement of dairy cows should be restricted, and the nutrition of dairy cows is basically used to produce milk, so as to reduce the loss of energy. This idea is incorrect. In good weather, let the cattle move freely every day2About an hour, it can strengthen the exchange of blood oxygen in dairy cows, speed up the metabolism of dairy cows, help dairy cows digest and absorb, further improve the physical quality of the herd, and thus improve the milk production in the pasture. It should also be mentioned here that proper exercise also plays a very positive role in the elimination of postpartum afterbirth of dairy cows. Sun exposure can also promote higher milk production in cows, when cows insist on having15About an hour of sunlight can be improved.10%ofmilk yieldAvoid strong sunlight in summer to avoid the occurrence of sunstroke and heat stroke in cattle.
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